What Is A Routine Gynecological Check-Up

Physical Examination: A visual examination of the vulva will be performed. Subsequently, a bimanual vaginal examination is performed to assess the elasticity of the vulva, the surface and consistency of the cervix, and palpation of the uterus and ovaries in search of alterations relevant to these organs.

Cervical cytology: this is the screening test that is performed by obtaining cells from the cervix and vagina with a spatula, after placing a vaginal speculum. It is a test that should be performed periodically as it helps to detect pre-malignant and, malignant lesions of the vagina and cérvix. The sample obtained is sent to the pathologist for reading, who will, in turn, send the results to the gynecologist.

Typing of the Human Papilloma Virus (HPV): This test detects the presence in the blood of the Human Papilloma Virus, known as HPV, which causes pre-malignant lesions of the cervix or cervical cancer.

Gynecological ultrasound: it is an ultrasound test that is performed through a vaginal probe. In some cases, the ultrasound will be done through the abdomen. It is a test that allows assessing the internal genital organs (uterus, ovaries, and tubes).

Mammography/breast ultrasound: Mammography is the only approved screening method for early detection. Generally, it is ordered together with a breast ultrasound that complements it, but in no way replaces it. The first mammogram is recommended at age 40. This recommendation may change in those women who have a direct history of breast cancer in relatives under 40 years of age or in a man in the family.

Bone mineral densitometry: Densitometry is a study that assesses the level of bone ossification, which can be variable between osteopenia and osteoporosis. Generally, it is requested 10 years after the onset of menopause, but different risk factors must be assessed and, if verified, it will have to be done earlier.

Colposcopy: Colposcopy is part of the gynecological tests. It consists of performing a detailed visual examination of the cervix, vagina, and vulva. For the examination, the colposcope is used, a system of optical lenses with a light focus that allows the cervix to be examined with precision. Colposcopy is usually performed when abnormalities have been detected from cytology of the cervix.